Free Trade5 min read

USMCA Benefits: Maximizing North American Trade

The USMCA offers significant tariff advantages for North American trade. Learn how to qualify and maximize these benefits.

By Robert Martinez

Despite proposed new tariffs on Mexico and Canada, the USMCA (United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement) remains in effect, offering substantial benefits for qualifying trade. Understanding and maximizing these benefits is crucial for importers.

USMCA Basics

The agreement eliminates tariffs on most goods traded between the three countries, but products must meet specific rules of origin requirements. This isn't automatic - documentation is key.

Qualifying for Benefits

Rules of Origin

Products must be:

  • Wholly obtained or produced in North America, OR
  • Made from materials that qualify as North American, OR
  • Meet specific transformation requirements

Regional Value Content

Many products require minimum North American content:

  • Automotive: 75% regional value content
  • Steel/Aluminum: 70% must be North American
  • Most other goods: 60% threshold

Documentation Requirements

Proper documentation includes:

  1. Certificate of Origin (can be self-certified)
  2. Supporting cost calculations
  3. Supply chain documentation
  4. Annual certification updates

Strategic Opportunities

Manufacturing Integration

Consider partial manufacturing or assembly in North America to qualify. Even simple operations can trigger eligibility if they meet transformation rules.

Supply Chain Redesign

Source components from USMCA countries when possible. The cumulation principle allows materials from all three countries to count toward regional content.

Common Pitfalls

  • Assuming automatic qualification
  • Incomplete documentation
  • Ignoring annual recertification
  • Misunderstanding transformation rules

Work with customs professionals to ensure compliance. The savings are substantial, but penalties for false claims are severe.